Nepenthes robcantleyi (commonly known as Robert Cantley's pitcher plant) is a spectacular and famous tropical pitcher plant endemic to a single remote submontane evergreen forest region on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. Discovered by Robert Cantley in 1997 and formally described as a distinct species by Kew scientist Dr. Martin Cheek in 2011, it is legendary for its massive, dark maroon-to-blackish pitchers and an incredibly broad, dramatically flared peristome (rim). Because its original wild habitat was logged shortly after its discovery, the species is considered critically endangered or completely extinct in the wild, meaning all existing specimens thrive solely within cultivation.